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  • Truncation - Use an asterisk (*) after a word stem to return results having words starting with that root, for example: select* will retrieve selects, selector, selectman, selecting.
  • Stemming - The search engine automatically expands words with common endings to include plurals, past tenses ..., etc.
  • Phrase Searching - To search using multiple words as a phrase, put quotation marks (") around the phrase: "organizational change"
  • Exact word match - Put a plus (+) sign before a word if it MUST appear in the search result. For instance, in the following search the word "training" is optional, but the word "dog" must be in the result. +dog training
  • Eliminate works with unwanted words - Put a minus (-) sign before a word if it should not appear in the search results. Alternatively, you can use NOT. This can limit your search to eliminate unwanted hits. For instance, in these searches: training -cat, training NOT cat you will get works containing the word "training", except those that also contain the word "cat".
  • Boolean searching - Use the AND, OR, and NOT Boolean operators to combine terms. Note that they must be CAPITALIZED!
    • AND - to limit searches to find works containing all words or phrases combined with this operator, e.g. cats AND dogs will retrieve all works that contain BOTH the words "cats" and "dogs".
    • OR - to enlarge searches to find works containing any of the words or phrases use this operator, e.g. cats OR dogs will retrieve all works that contain EITHER the words "cats" or "dogs".
    • NOT - to exclude works containing the word following this operator, e.g. training NOT cat will retrieve all works that contain the word "training" EXCEPT those also containing the word "cat".
  • Parentheses can be used in the search query to group search terms into sets, and operators can then be applied to the whole set, e.g. (cats OR dogs) AND (training OR discipline)

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