These are intended to get you started with the general ATLAS computing environment. They focus on issues you are liable to encounter, but don't discuss things specific to any particular analysis.
The Grid is the distributed computing system that allows us to process and store huge amounts of data.
Version control systems allow you to store past versions of files and quickly see your revisions. You can also easily share your projects with others. The use of Subversion (SVN) is mandatory for ATLAS software management. For local projects where SVN may be too heavy, you may also try Git; they have the same basic principles but differ in specifics. There is also a bridge between Git and SVN.
Stampede is an HPC cluster at TACC. If you want allocation on the HPC cluster talk to the PI. This section describes how to get setup a singularity container on stampede. Any container intended to work on Stampede needs to include /home1 /work and /scratch folders which will serve as mount points. You will get access to your above mentioned local folders within singularity image.